Global warming can alter early life histories of fish through shifts in phenology and growth rates but disentangling age and growth processes can be challenging. During recent marine heatwaves in the North Pacific Ocean, fewer juvenile Pacific Cod (Gadus...

The experiences an individual has during early development may affect the individual throughout its entire life (“experiential legacies” ) and these experiential legacies have population-level consequences. I evaluated the extent to which experiential legacies affect...

Yellow Perch are one of few fish species that produce a gelatinous skein around their eggs. There are many hypothesized benefits of the skein including increasing aeration, increasing fertilization success, and protecting the eggs from infection and predation. To...

Hypoxia, low dissolved oxygen concentration, often develops in aquatic systems when eutrophication (excess nutrients in a system) increases primary productivity and biological oxygen demand in the form of respiration by primary producers, consumers, and perhaps most...